• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a device for fastening (3) the cooling ramps (1) by air jets of the casing (2) of a turbine, preferably a low-pressure turbine, of a turbomachine. This device is remarkable in that it comprises a support (4) of said ramps, shaped to maintain said ramps spaced apart and several elements (5) for supporting said ramp support (4), and in that each support element is fixed to said casing, is disposed between two contiguous cooling ramps and is connected to said ramp support (4) by connecting means (6, 6 ').
    公开号:FR3040429A1
    申请号:FR1557978
    申请日:2015-08-27
    公开日:2017-03-03
    发明作者:Jacques Marcel Arthur Bunel；Emeric D'herbigny；Alain Paul Madec；Pierre Tincelin；Benjamin Villenave
    申请人:SNECMA SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    GENERAL TECHNICAL FIELD The invention lies in the field of cooling a turbine casing, in particular a low-pressure turbine, of a turbomachine.
    The present invention more specifically relates to a device for fixing air jet cooling ramps of the casing of a turbine of a turbomachine. The invention also relates to a turbomachine equipped with such a device.
    STATE OF THE ART
    As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2 attached, which represent the state of the art, the low-pressure turbine of a turbomachine is protected by a housing C generally flared, substantially frustoconical. This housing is cooled using impact cooling technology.
    The casing C is equipped with one or more box (es) B of pressurized air supply, connected to several cooling ramps R.
    In the embodiment shown in the figures, the housing C is equipped with two housings B, positioned at about 180 ° from each other (only one being visible in Figure 2). Each box B is equipped with five ramps R, with two tubes T by ramps, each tube extending about 90 °. The tubes T are pierced with a series of small openings opening to the right of the outer surface of the housing. The pressurized air passing through these orifices ensures impact ventilation of the casing C.
    In FIG. 1, it can be seen that the supports S of the cooling ramps R are fixed to the casing by an upstream flange BAM and by a downstream flange BAV. Although not shown, the housings B are fixed to the housing in the same way. In cold, that is to say when the turbines are stopped, the air gap E between an air outlet orifice formed in a tube T and the outer surface of the casing C (or "housing skin" PC) is of the order of 5 to 6 mm. At hot, that is to say during operation of the turbines, the metal casing C tends to expand radially but especially longitudinally. However, the upstream flanges BAM and downstream BAV remain colder and do not expand in the same way as the skin of the PC casing. It follows that cooling ramps R tend to approach or even touch the skin of the PC housing in places. Although the air gap E cold is important, it is insufficient hot.
    It is difficult to anticipate the expansion of the skin of the PC casing with respect to the upstream and downstream flanges. Indeed, for air jet impact cooling to be effective, the ramp must be located very close to the skin of the PC housing and therefore keep a constant air gap E. The positioning of the hot ramp is not correct, and the ramp may be either too far or too close (or even in contact) with the housing skin during operation of the turbines. It is therefore necessary to find a fixing means to maintain a constant air gap regardless of the temperature.
    PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is therefore to solve the aforementioned drawbacks of the state of the art. The invention particularly aims to provide a device for fixing air jet cooling ramps of the turbine housing of a turbomachine, which avoids the gap variations between said ramps and the outer wall of the housing, and even hot, that is to say during the use of the turbine. To this end, the invention relates to a device for fixing air jet cooling ramps of the casing of a turbine, preferably low pressure, a turbomachine.
    According to the invention, this device comprises a support of said ramps, shaped to maintain said ramps spaced apart from one another and several support elements of said ramp support, and each support element is fixed to said housing, is arranged between two adjacent cooling ramps and is connected to said ramp support by connecting means.
    Thanks to these features of the invention, the gap between the ramps and the outer wall of the housing remains constant, even during hot use. Indeed, the integral support elements of the ramp support are disposed between two adjacent cooling ramps, and retain them at a constant distance from the skin of the housing. In addition, these support elements being attached to the housing, they are subject to the same temperature changes as the housing and expand according to the deformations thereof. As the gap is kept constant, the cooling of the turbine casing is improved and the service life of the latter is increased.
    According to other advantageous and nonlimiting features of the invention, taken alone or in combination: the device comprises N cooling ramps and N-1 support elements; said support of the ramps comprises two blades called "inner blade" and outer blade, each of which comprises a series of parallel grooves, separated by a flat zone, each groove being shaped to surround part of the circumference of one of said ramps, preferably half, the inner blade and the outer blade being assembled on both sides of the cooling ramps, so that their respective grooves are opposite one another and surround said ramps; at least some of the connecting means are so-called "fixed" means, which do not allow relative movement between said ramp support and a support element; at least some of the connecting means are so-called "mobile" means, which allow relative movement between said ramp support and a support element; the support element is pierced with a circular orifice, the flat zones of the blades of the ramp support are pierced with a circular orifice and the support element and the two blades are assembled by a screw passing through the two circular orifices; and cooperating with a nut, the circular orifices, the screw and the nut constituting said fixed connection means; the support element is pierced with a circular orifice, the flat zones of the blades of the ramp support are pierced with an oblong orifice and the support element and the two blades are assembled by a stepped pin passing through the orifice; circular and the two orifices oblong and cooperating with a washer, the assembly being made to allow axial sliding of said blades relative to the stepped pin at the oblong holes so as to achieve a movable connection; - The support element is a bridge, fixed at both ends to the housing and whose projecting central portion is connected to said ramp support. The invention also relates to a turbomachine which comprises a device for fixing said cooling ramps as mentioned above.
    PRESENTATION OF THE FIGURES Other features and advantages of the invention will appear from the description which will now be made, with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show, by way of indication but not limitation, two possible embodiments.
    In these drawings: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a casing of a turbine of a turbomachine, equipped with cooling ramps according to the state of the art, FIG. in perspective of an air supply box and cooling ramps according to the state of the art, - Figures 3 to 6 are perspective views showing two embodiments of the various components of the ramp attachment device. According to the invention, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the device according to the invention showing two embodiments, FIGS. 8 and 9 are detailed views of the zones referenced VIII and IX on FIG. figure 7.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    The device for fixing the cooling ramps according to the invention will now be described in conjunction with FIGS. 3 to 7.
    It allows the attachment of cooling ramps 1, on the casing 2 of a turbine, preferably a low pressure turbine, a turbomachine. The cooling ramps 1 and the casing 2 have the same shapes and structures as those previously described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2 for the state of the art.
    In other words, the cooling ramps 1 are formed of tubes of circular cross section and have a curved shape in a circular arc, matching the external shape of the housing 2. The latter has a flared shape and comprises an outer surface 21, an upstream end 22 and a downstream end 23.
    The fixing device bears the general reference 3. It comprises a support 4 of said ramps 1 and several elements 5 for supporting said support 4.
    A possible embodiment of the support 4 of ramps will now be described.
    This support 4 comprises two blades, respectively called inner blade 41 and outer blade 42.
    As best seen in FIG. 4, the inner blade 41 is intended to be disposed close to the outer surface 21 of the housing, it comprises a series of parallel grooves 411, perpendicular to the blade and separated from each other by a zone intermediate plane 412.
    Each groove 411 is shaped to surround at least a portion of the circumference of one of said ramps 1. In other words, the inner radius of the groove 411 substantially corresponds to the outer radius of a cooling ramp 1. Preferably each groove surrounds half the circumference of a ramp.
    Similarly, the outer blade 42, intended to be disposed outside the ramps 1, also has a series of parallel grooves 421 spaced apart from each other by a flat zone 422 (see FIG. 1).
    The inner blade 41 and the inner blade 42 are assembled on either side of the cooling ramps 1, so that their respective grooves 411, 412 are opposite one another and surround said ramps, as can be seen in FIG. see it in Figures 6 and 7.
    The support 4 of ramps thus makes it possible to keep the ramps 1 spaced apart from each other, in the axial direction of the casing 2.
    According to a possible embodiment, the support element 5 has the shape of a bridge as can be seen in Figure 3. Each bridge comprises two ends 51 and a projecting central portion 52.
    The ends 51 are fixed to the casing 2, more precisely on the outer surface 21 thereof, by any appropriate means, for example by welding, brazing, bonding, riveting or bolting.
    These support elements 5 thus follow the deformation of the casing 2 due to the expansion thereof, both radially and axially.
    Each support element 5 is connected to the support 4, that is to say to the two blades 41 and 42 by so-called "fixed" 6 or "mobile" connecting means 6 '.
    The central portion 52 of the bridge is pierced with a circular orifice 53. The assembly of the various elements constituting the fixing device 3 is carried out as follows.
    As represented in FIG. 3, the various support elements 5 are fixed on the casing 2. The inner blade 41 is then fixed on these support elements 5, so that its planar zones 412 are positioned opposite the flat central part. protruding 52 of the bridge 5 (see Figure 4).
    Then, and as shown in Figure 5, the ramps 1 are arranged in the grooves 411.
    Finally, as can be seen in FIG. 6, the outer blade 42 is positioned on the ramps 1, so that the grooves 421 enclose the ramps 1 and the plane zones 422 are positioned opposite the plane zones 412 of the blade Inside 41.
    Preferably, and as represented for example in FIG. 4, if the cooling ramps 1 are N, then the support elements 5 are N-1. In other words, a support member 5 is disposed between the two cooling ramps 1 of each pair of ramps.
    The connecting means 6 are said to be "fixed" in that they do not allow any relative movement between the ramp support 4 and a support element 5. This solution is represented in FIG. 8 and in the lower left corner of FIGS. Figures 4 to 7.
    In this case, the flat areas 412, 422 of the blades 41, respectively 42, are pierced with a circular hole 413, respectively 423.
    The two blades 41 and 42 and the bridge 5 are assembled by means of a screw 7 passing through said orifices 53, 413 and 423 and a nut 8 screwed onto the screw. The screw 7 being circular and the orifices 413 and 423 also and of the same diameter, there is no possibility of relative movement of the blades of the support 4 relative to the elements 5 of this support.
    However, this fixed connection allows the support elements 5 to follow the radial expansion movement of the housing.
    The connecting means 6 'are said to be "mobile" in that they allow relative movement between the ramp support blades 41, 42 and a support element 5. In this case, and as shown on the parts central and upper right of Figures 4 to 7 and in Figure 9, the holes formed in the blades 41 and 42 are oblong and are respectively referenced 413 'and 423'.
    The assembly is carried out with a stepped pin 7 'and a washer 8'. However in this case, the blades 41 and 42 can slide axially relative to the stepped pin 7 ', so that the blades 41 and 42 can follow the expansion movement of the housing 2, including its axial expansion movement.
    It should be noted that, preferably, the fixed connection means 6 are used near the upstream end of the casing and the mobile connection means 6 'in the center and near the downstream end of the casing.
    However, it is possible to use exclusively one or the other of said connecting means.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Device for fastening (3) the cooling ramps (1) by air jets of the casing (2) of a turbine, preferably a low-pressure turbine, of a turbomachine, characterized in that it comprises a support ( 4) of said ramps, shaped to maintain said ramps spaced apart from each other and several elements (5) for supporting said ramp support (4), and in that each support element (5) is fixed to said housing, is arranged between two ramps contiguous cooling system and is connected to said ramp support (4) by connecting means (6, 6 ').
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises N cooling ramps (1) and N-1 support elements (5).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said support (4) ramps comprises two blades called "inner blade" (41) and outer blade (42) each of which comprises a series of parallel grooves (411, 421 ), separated by a flat area (412, 422), each groove (411, 421) being shaped to surround part of the circumference of one of said ramps (1), preferably half, the inner blade (41) and the outer blade (42) being assembled on both sides of the cooling ramps (1), so that their respective grooves (411, 421) face each other and surround said ramps.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least some of the connecting means (6) are so-called "fixed" means (53, 413, 423, 7, 8), which n ' allow no relative movement between said ramp support (4) and a support member (5).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least some of the connecting means (6 ') are so-called "mobile" means (53, 413', 423 ', 7, 8), which allow relative movement between said support (4) of ramps and a support element (5).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Device according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the support element (5) is pierced with a circular orifice (53), in that the plane areas (412, 422) of the blades (41, 42 ) of the ramp support are pierced with a circular orifice (413, 423) and in that the support element (5) and the two blades (41, 42) are assembled by a screw (7) passing through the two orifices circular and cooperating with a nut (8), the circular orifices, the screw and the nut constituting said fixed connection means (6).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Device according to claims 3 and 5, characterized in that the support element (5) is pierced with a circular orifice (53), in that the plane areas (412, 422) of the blades (41, 42 ) of the ramp support are pierced with an oblong orifice (413 ', 423') and in that the support element (5) and the two blades (41, 42) are assembled by a stepped pin (7 ') passing through the circular orifice and the two oblong holes cooperating with a washer (8 '), the assembly being made to allow axial sliding of said blades (41, 42) relative to the stepped pin at the oblong orifices of way to realize a mobile connection (6 ').
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support element (5) is a bridge, fixed at its two ends (51) to the housing (2) and whose central portion (52) projecting is connected to said ramp support (4).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Turbomachine comprising a turbine, in particular a low pressure turbine, surrounded by a housing (2), equipped with air jet cooling ramps (1), characterized in that it comprises a device (3) for fixing said ramps. cooling device (1) according to one of the preceding claims.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN107923259A|2018-04-17|
    EP3341570A1|2018-07-04|
    WO2017032952A1|2017-03-02|
    EP3341570B1|2019-05-01|
    US20180216488A1|2018-08-02|
    US10619511B2|2020-04-14|
    FR3040429B1|2019-06-07|
    CN107923259B|2020-09-29|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
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    法律状态:
    2016-08-04| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-03-03| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20170303 |
    2017-05-15| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-07-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-09-14| CD| Change of name or company name|Owner name: SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES, FR Effective date: 20180809 |
    2019-07-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-07-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-07-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1557978A|FR3040429B1|2015-08-27|2015-08-27|DEVICE FOR FASTENING AIR COOLED COOLING RAMPS OF A TURBOMACHINE TURBINE|
    FR1557978|2015-08-27|FR1557978A| FR3040429B1|2015-08-27|2015-08-27|DEVICE FOR FASTENING AIR COOLED COOLING RAMPS OF A TURBOMACHINE TURBINE|
    US15/755,525| US10619511B2|2015-08-27|2016-08-25|Device for attaching manifolds for cooling the casing of a turbine-engine turbine by air jets|
    EP16770056.6A| EP3341570B1|2015-08-27|2016-08-25|Device for attaching manifolds for cooling the casing of a turbine-engine turbine by air jets|
    PCT/FR2016/052120| WO2017032952A1|2015-08-27|2016-08-25|Device for attaching manifolds for cooling the casing of a turbine-engine turbine by air jets|
    CN201680049155.1A| CN107923259B|2015-08-27|2016-08-25|Device for attaching a manifold for cooling the casing of a turbomachine by means of air jets|
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